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";s:4:"text";s:13314:"This was in breach of the Constitution of Medina and after the Meccan withdrawal, Muhammad immediately marched against the Qurayza and laid siege to their strongholds. On September 20, 622, the arrival of the Prophet Muhammad at Medina, in flight from Mecca, introduced a new chapter into the history of the oasis. Medina was the capital of a rapidly increasing Muslim caliphate under Muhammad's leadership, serving as its base of operations and as the cradle of Islam, where Muhammad's Ummah (Community), composed of the citizens of Medina, known as the Ansar and those who immigrated with Muhammad, known as the Muhajirun, collectively known as the Sahaba, gained huge influence. It was however discovered by the Muslims and thwarted. Asphalt roads link the city with Jeddah, Mecca, and Yanbuʿ (Medina’s port on the Red Sea), and another road extends north through the Hejaz and connects the city to Jordan. But the second one, a larger army under the command of Ibrahim Pasha, succeeded after battling a fierce resistance movement. When Abdul Hamid II assumed power, he made Medina stand out of the desert with a number of modern marvels, including a radio communication station, a power plant for the Prophet's Mosque and its immediate vicinity, a telegraph line between Medina and Istanbul, and the Hejaz railway which ran from Damascus to Medina with a planned extension to Mecca. All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the Quran (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. The old Ottoman railway system was shutdown after their departure from the region and the old railway station has now been converted into a museum. Ramadan meaning: What does Ramadan mean? Repentance does not mean being disgusted with what is bad or prohibited and thus no longer engaging in it; rather, it means remaining aloof from whatever Allah hates and prohibits, even if it seems agreeable to sense and reason. In that year Abu Karib Asʿad, the Sabaean king of Yemen, visited the colony and imbibed the lore and teaching of the Jewish rabbis with the result that he adopted the religion of the Jews and made it the state religion of Yemen on his return, in supersession of the local paganism. In 1517 CE (923 AH), the first Ottoman period began with Selim I's conquest of Mamluk Egypt. There are also several interesting mounds (ʿitm), besides the village of Al-Quraidha, which would certainly produce historical data of interest. Since then, Medina's importance dwindled, becoming more a place of religious importance than of political power. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia focused more on the expansion of the city and the demolition of former sites that violated Islamic principles and Islamic law such as the tombs at al-Baqi. However, the Central Hajj Commissioner Prince Khalid bin Faisal stated that the numbers of illegal staying visitors dropped by 29% in 2018.[41]. The city has also been called Madinah in some ahadith[11]. [33] The most famous example of this is the demolition of al-Baqi. verse 101 and Al-Hashr. One of the first was of Ethiopian origin, in the year 570, the year of the birth of the Holy Prophet of Islam. Principal activities came to include automobile repair, brick and tile making, carpentry, and metalworking. [74], The Prophet's Mosque (al-Masjid an-Nabawi), Protection from plague and ad-Dajjal (the False Messiah), CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Muslim sources usually referred to Himyar kings by the dynastic title of ". 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